Is Having a Sibling a Blessing or a Curse?

I am certain that the greater part of you have siblings or sisters. Furthermore, I am certain that this equivalent idea more likely than not happened to you at once or another. What number of you have lost your toys, garments or something that you cherished particularly to your sibling or sister? What number of you wish that you were the lone offspring of the family? Welcome to the universe of kin. From the second our folks report that there is to be another child in the family, we are required to experience a great deal of adjustments.The as a matter of first importance is sharing. Sharing of our dear guardians, our rooms, our toys, our preferred nourishments, etc. The second is correlation. The guardians, educators and some of the time even family members begin to analyze the kin. The examination might be with respect to our character, conduct, considers, shading and so forth. The regularly rehashed words in numerous houses is â€Å"Why can’t you resemble your sibling or si ster? Perceive how great they are. You ought to gain from them. † The third is partiality. Numerous guardians have a most loved child.It might be on the grounds that they help them to remember their preferred individual, similar to their folks or kin. Or then again perhaps on the grounds that that youngster cherishes them genuinely. Be that as it may, this makes the less adored kid view the different as an adversary. One of the most loved things our kin like to do is to discover and confess our insider facts to the very individuals we attempt to keep it mystery from. They like to flaunt their own accomplishments and put down our own. Be that as it may, not everything about having a kin is awful. They are for the most part there for us when we need them.We can generally rely upon them when we are in some troublesome circumstance. They at times spare us from disciplines and retaliations, on the off chance that they feel frustrated about us. Obviously they may require a pay off o r some help after-wards. In the event that your kin is more seasoned than you, he/she would have prepared for you in school, educational cost and sports. On the off chance that they are more youthful than you, you can and likely will manager them around and cause them to do what you need. There is a Chinese precept that interprets as â€Å"You don’t understand the estimation of a thing until you lose it. Every one of you are doing your A levels one year from now. After that a large portion of you will leave the nation for higher investigations. This implies you will be distant from everyone else, without your family in some obscure area for 4 or 5 years. Also, I am certain that despite the fact that you will miss your folks, you will miss your kin more. You will miss the mutual space, shared certainty and insider facts that unified you. So I genuinely trust that you will make the most of your gifts while you can and treat your kin better.

Student Motivation and Retention Essays -- Education Mathematics Essay

Understudy Motivation and Retention I chose to compose a large portion of paper about inspiration since inspiration is something that is inadequate in a few of my understudies in Junction City. I need to assist understudies with building up the inspiration to learn math as opposed to hearing the terrible mentality they have created for science. It is so disappointing to hear an understudy say that they couldn't care less. Additionally in my paper, I intend to entwine the subject of maintenance. My paper will lean more towards holding understudies in math at the center school level instead of school like the articles we read in class. I realize that understudies can not change out of math in the center school, however they can decide to take numerous math classes in secondary school and pick a significant in school for math. At the end of the day, I need to discover ways for understudies to be keen on math field so they proceed in the math field as far as possible up through school graduation. I have built up a few extr aordinary associations with my understudies and care profoundly about what's on the horizon for them. I will probably have any kind of effect in their life by spurring them to like math and school so they don't drop out of secondary school. II. Background As I explored for articles managing inspiration, the most widely recognized data that I discovered was systems for expanding inspiration. A portion of the articles indicated real examinations where certain methodologies helped the understudy need to learn. The â€Å"Intrigue Model† by Lewkowicz is one procedure model that I will expound on. Another article I discovered clarified various kinds of inspiration, which inspiration is the best to have, and factors that impacts the improvement of understudy inspiration. Robert Case composed a paper about an examination he did in an India secondary school wat... ... Or on the other hand, 1994. Malcolm, Shirley, and Treisman, Uri. â€Å"Calculus Success for All Students.† Calculus for a New Century: A Pump not a Filter, Steen, Lynn (ed.). Scientific Association of America: Washington, DC, 1987. McNeal, Ralph. â€Å"Extracurricular Activities and High School Dropouts.† Sociology of Education v68n1: Jan 1995, 62-80. Renchler, Ron. â€Å"School Leadership and Student Motivation.† ERIC Digest No. 71. ERIC Clearinghouse on Educational Management: Eugene, OR, 1992. Seymour, Elaine, and Hewitt, Nancy. Looking at Leaving: Why Undergraduates Leave the Sciences. Westview Press: Boulder, CO: 1997. Treisman, Phillip Uri. â€Å"A Study of the Mathematics Performance of Black Students at the University of California, Berkeley.† Mathematicians and Education Reform: Proceedings of the July 6-8. 1988 Workshop, American Mathematical Society: Providence, RI, 1990.

Paraphobia or the Fear of Sexual Perversion

Paraphobia or the Fear of Sexual Perversion Phobias Types Print Paraphobia or the Fear of Sexual Perversion By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 28, 2018 PeopleImages/Getty Images More in Phobias Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Paraphobia, or the fear of sexual perversion, is a relatively complicated phobia. Some people fear that they are perverted  while others worry about the perversions of others. Paraphobia is often, though not always, rooted in cultural or religious upbringing. One of the reasons that paraphobia is so complex is that the definition of perversion is extremely loose. At various times and in various cultures, homosexuality, transvestism and any number of sex acts have been considered perverted. Yet in most modern societies, these and other behaviors are considered perfectly normal and acceptable. The lack of a clear definition for perversion that crosses all cultures and backgrounds makes paraphobia an intensely personalized fear. It is important to note that phobias are never diagnosed unless the fear causes difficulty in everyday life. If two people who agree on their personal boundaries and comfort zones marry or form a relationship, they may be perfectly happy throughout their lives. Difficulties may arise, however, if your definition of perversion is different than your partners, or if you find it tough to form relationships at all due to your fear. Symptoms of Paraphobia A true phobia â€" as opposed to a fear â€" often leaves sufferers overcome by physical symptoms. If someone is truly paraphobic, they may exhibit the following symptoms: Irrational fear of sexual perversionTerrorPanicDreadRapid heartbeatShortness of breathAnxietyNauseaDry mouth Combating Paraphobia If your fear causes problems in your daily life, it is important to address it with a compassionate and nonjudgmental therapist. If you feel that your cultural or religious background may play a role in your fear, you may want to meet with a trusted religious adviser as an adjunct to mainstream therapy. Keep in mind that it is never acceptable for your partner to force you to participate in activities that make you feel uncomfortable, or to make you feel bad about your decision not to participate. Likewise, it is unacceptable for you to harshly judge your partner for an interest in expanding the range of sexual activities (provided that the suggested activities are legal and not harmful). If you are currently in a relationship, it is essential that you and your partner use open communication and mutual respect to come to an understanding. Many couples find that seeing a therapist together is a helpful step in learning to accept and balance their individual needs and desires. Working through paraphobia is a delicate and sensitive process that may take some time. With hard work and an understanding therapist, however, there is no reason for your fear to control your life.

Fragile X Syndrome Essay - 1159 Words

There are many forms of mental retardation. Webster’s New World Dictionary defines mental retardation as â€Å"a condition, usually congenital, characterized by subnormal intelligence† (Agnes, p404). Mental retardation can be caused by a certain birth defect due to a traumatic event during the mother’s pregnancy, or mental retardation can also be inherited. The most common inherited form of mental retardation is Fragile X Syndrome. Fragile X Syndrome was identified in the year 1991. This disability affects more males than females. Approximately 1 in 4,000 males are affected, however only 1 in 8,000 females are affected (Lombroso, 2003). Fragile X generates in the FMR1 gene. Fragile X is caused by an excessively repeating tri-nucleotide,†¦show more content†¦POF can lead to early menopause or infertility in females with Fragile X. Speech and language can be two strengths in girls with Fragile X. Verbal skills in girls with FX are also generally good with no speech problems. The area of conversational skills could be a weakness for girls with Fragile X (NFXF, 2005). There are many characteristics as you look at both the male and female side of the disability. One main characteristic is that many people with Fragile X also have autism, or possess many behaviors that are autistic-like (NFXF, 2006). Autism is defined as â€Å"a developmental disorder marked by impaired social interaction, communication difficulties, etcâ€Å"(Agnes, p43). About 2 to 6% of children with Autism have Autism because of Fragile X. About one-third of children with Fragile X have Autism (NFXF, 2006). Also, many people with Fragile X can be confused to have Downs Syndrome. The physical characteristics of Fragile X can be similar to Downs Syndrome. These Fragile X Syndrome 5 characteristics can consist of prominent ears and forehead, high palate, flat feet, and flexible finger joints (FX Syndrome, 2007). Although many characteristics are similar to Downs Syndrome, children with Fragile X have been found to have fewer mistakes in many areas of speech than the children with Downs Syndrome (Roberts, et al., 2005). Other characteristics can range from learning disabilities to moreShow MoreRelatedThe Genetic Mutation Fragile X Syndrome Essay922 Words   |  4 PagesThe genetic mutation Fragile X syndrome is the most commonly inherited form of intellectual disability. Because the disease was first studied in 1943 by British physician James Purdon Martin and British human geneticist named Julia Bell, Fragile X is also referred to as Martin-Bell syndrome. Though it was not until 1969 that scientist Herbert Lubs discovered what exactly causes Fragile X syndrome. He explained that those who obtain the mutation will possess an X chromosome with an unusual gapRe ad MoreCommunicating with Fragile X Syndrome Children Essay2092 Words   |  9 Pages000 males and 1 in 8,000 females are affected by Fragile X Syndrome(CDC)? Fragile X Syndrome affects does not only affect the young or the old but it will affect anyone of any age. Children who have Fragile X Syndrome can learn many different ways of communicating with others. Also there are many ways to help a Fragile X children become more socially active. There are many ways to help Fragile X Syndrome children to communicate. Fragile X Syndrome effects people of all ages from birth till deathRead More The Neurobiology of Mental Retardation: Fragile X Syndrome Essay1549 Words   |  7 PagesRetardation: Fragile X Syndrome In my previous paper, I wrote on the topic of the nature-nurture debate and the ways it related to the brain-equals-behavior dilemma. In this paper, I will continue this investigation into the link between genes and neurobiology, but I will focus in on a particular aspect of the relationship: neurological disease caused by genetic aberration. There are many well studied and well documented (thought not necessarily well understood) disorders associated with the X chromosomeRead MoreEssay on Fragile X Syndrome1374 Words   |  6 Pagesmental impairment is Fragile X Syndrome. Fragile X Syndrome is a mental retardation that affects social, learning and intellectual disabilities. It is a result of a change and mutation in a single gene, which can be pasted on to future generations. Symptoms arise when the mutated gene, FMR1, cannot produce enough of the protein, FMRP, that the body’s cells need to function. The symptoms can vary from each affected individual depending on how seve re the gene mutation is. Fragile X causes symptoms suchRead MoreThe Genetic Mutation Fragile X Syndrome Essay960 Words   |  4 PagesThe genetic mutation Fragile X syndrome occurs on a segment of human DNA. Because the disease was first studied in 1943 by British physician James Purdon Martin and British human geneticist named Julia Bell, Fragile X is also referred to as Martin-Bell syndrome. Though it was not until 1969 that scientist Herbert Lubs discovered what exactly causes Fragile X syndrome. He explained that those who obtain the mutation will possess an X chromosome with an unusual gap. The gap located on the chromosomeRead MoreFragile X Disease Essay1587 Words   |  7 PagesFragile X is a disease which severely influences the everyday lives of those affected by it. It is a disease which unfortunately limits an individual in several respects. Physical symptoms include an elongated face with larger than normal ears and feet. Additionally, the individual will have a d ifficult time interacting with others due to shyness and trouble with processing faces, thus encountering behavioral road blocks. Most importantly, the individual may have intellectual disabilities such asRead MorePrevention For Disease Control And Prevention1428 Words   |  6 Pagesestablished which may be accessible and available in the next years to come (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). Treatment for Fragile X Syndrome FRAXXA, one of the leading companies that is in search for a cure to FXS does its best to extensively study and analyze fragile X syndrome. Although it is true that there is no cure for fragile X syndrome yet, there are now available procedures and intervention programs that are meant to control the progress of the condition. These breakthroughsRead MoreReflection On Fagile X Syndrome751 Words   |  4 Pagestwo presented over Fragile X Syndrome. I will be honest, most of this section will be from what I read from the slides (or past knowledge presented) because I could not follow that presentation—but I will talk more about why in the process section. Fragile X is the most common INHERITED cause of intellectual disabilities. It affects 1 in 4,000 males and 1 in 8,000 females. The reason it affects more males than females is because the syndrome is caused from a mutation on the â€Å"X† sex chromosome. SinceRead MoreWhat is Autism?1999 Words   |  8 Pages 5671). Fr agile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common inherited form of intellectual disability and is universally recognized as the monogenic cause of Autism. The gene responsible for Fragile X Syndrome, FMR1, is located on the long arm of the X chromosome. It contains a CGG repeat sequence in the 5’-untranslated region that, on expansion to greater than 200 repeats, results in gene methylation and transcriptional silencing of the FMR1 gene. The absence of its protein product, fragile X mental retardationRead MoreThe Genetic Factors of Learning Disabilities Essay3049 Words   |  13 Pageslearning disorder that I would like to discuss is Fragile X syndrome. Fragile X, often called Martin-Bell syndrome for it’s the man who discovered it is a trinucleotide repeat disorder that is found on the sex chromosome X. Fragile X was discovered by Bell in 1943 after he examined a family in which all the boys showed signs of mental retardation. He discovered that the boys X chromosome he fo und that the long arm had become thin and fragile looking. Fragile X affects the genders separately due to its location

John Keats s On First Looking Into Chapman s Homer

An English Romantic poet by the name of John Keats was known as one of the best romantic poets of the 18th century for his excellent perspective on nature. As well as the relationship between man and nature. He allows readers to truly visualize nature in their mind when they read his work. John Keats’s poem, On first looking into Chapman s Homer was written in 1816. The sonnet tells the reader about how Keats compares his experiences to reading about Homer’s novel dealing with Odysseus’s experience of adventures around the world. Keats gives the reader a sense of how going to so many places does not mean that you have truly seen the world as a whole. You have a take a step back and look at the bigger picture to embrace and understand there is so much more beyond what you have already seen. There are parts of the world that you have not explore fully or discover. On first looking into Chapman’s Homer is known as an Italian or petrarchan sonnet. An Italian o r petrarchan sonnet contain an octave and a sestet. There are two rhyme schemes in the octave that goes as a, b, b, a, a, b, b, a. As shown in the first four lines of the poem, â€Å"Much have I travell’d in the realms of gold, And many goodly states and kingdoms seen; Round many western islands have I been Which bards in fealty to Apollo hold.† As for the sestet, it only has two rhyme schemes; c, d, c, d. Referring to the ninth line in the sonnet, â€Å"Then felt I like some watcher of the skies. When a new planet swims into hisShow MoreRelatedOn First Looking Into Chapmans Homer(C.a)1169 Words   |  5 Pages the free encyclopedia ------------------------------------------------- On First Looking into Chapman s Homer Much have I travell d in the realms of gold, And many goodly states and kingdoms seen; Round many western islands have I been Which bards in fealty to Apollo hold. Oft of one wide expanse had I been told That deep-browed Homer ruled as his demesne; Yet did I never breathe its pure serene Till I heard Chapman speak out loud and bold: Then felt I like some watcher of the skies When a newRead MoreA Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey, By William Wordsworth And On First Looking Into Chapman s Homer1190 Words   |  5 PagesSublime, as the keyword that guides the two major poems, â€Å"Lines Written a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey† by William Wordsworth and â€Å"On First Looking into Chapman’s Homer† by John Keats, has helped both authors to express their genuine feelings. The word â€Å"sublime† is used when you have a great respect and a sense of excellence for something; â€Å"Of such excellence†, the feeling of awesome. The feeling awesome has a root word of â€Å"awe†, which means the feeling of respect for fear or wonder. The word canRead MoreAnalysis Of John Keats1078 Words   |  5 PagesThe Different Perspective (A Discussion on messages in John Keats poems.) John Keats was a poet in the 1800’s who was way ahead of his time. Keats left his indelible mark on literature. Even though Keats lived a hard, short life, it never stopped him from writing good literature. â€Å"He had no advantages of birth, wealth or education; he lost his parents in childhood, watched one brother die of tuberculosis and the other emigrate to America. Poverty kept him from marrying the woman he loved. And heRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 PagesPress in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York ß Oxford University Press 2006 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2006 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford Universit y Press, or as expressly permitted

The Actual Real World in “The Heat Death of the Universe” Free Essays

In today†s busy world, many people get so caught up in their own ambience that they overlook all the other things out there. Some people seem treat their surroundings as if it were their own â€Å"little world†, creating tunnel vision to the array of the actual real world and all the things that occur in it. Pamela Zoline addresses this and many other issues in the short story, â€Å"The Heat Death of the Universe†. We will write a custom essay sample on The Actual Real World in â€Å"The Heat Death of the Universe† or any similar topic only for you Order Now This piece reports the abstract, somewhat crazy thoughts, of the world from an ordinary housewife to the reader. At first, these thoughts appear to be coming from a severely confused and mentally unstable person, with no point what so ever. Contrary to the evidence stated in the text, â€Å"Sarah Boyle is a vivacious and intelligent young wife†¦ proud of her growing family which keeps her busy and happy around the house† (192), the reader can see that the main character, Sarah Boyle, is quite unsatisfied with her place in life. This unhappiness stems from a wasted education, causing the apathetic housewife to resort to ceaseless contemplation, which shapes the life she has created for herself and the home she is trapped in. The fact that Sarah Boyle was well-educated is pointed out clearly in the first few paragraphs, â€Å"Sarah Boyle is a vivacious and intelligent young wife and mother, educated at a fine Eastern college† (192). This fact can be also be easily deduced by the reader after observing the knowledge Sarah presents and the vocabulary she exhibits, such as â€Å"ONTOLOGY: That branch of metaphysics which concerns itself with the problems of the nature of existence or being† (191) and â€Å"ENTROPY: A quantity introduced in the first place to facilitate the calculations, and to give clear expressions to the results of thermodynamics† (193). Clearly, such words are not ones that would be regarded as common knowledge or everyday conversation topics. The terms used by Sarah throughout the story lead the reader to regard her as some type of advanced science major. In addition to the vocabulary usage, the manner in which her mind functions and the habits she displays also guides the reader to the same assumption. Sarah demonstrates scientific thinking methods constantly; always making lists, noticing irrelevant and abstract things, counting and lettering objects, constantly pondering ideas and concerned with factual matters. Sometimes she numbers or letters the things in a room†¦ there are 819 separate moveable objects in the living room†¦ she is passionately fond of children†s dictionaries, encyclopedias, ABCs and all reference books† (193). Combining all these facts, statements, and observations the reader deduces Sarah Boyle as a scientifically educated, intelligent woman: Which leads to the question, why is Sarah a housewife? This thought seems to reoccurringly pass though Sarah†s mind as well. The mannerisms that Sarah Boyle displays evident the fact that she is unhappy with her position in life as a housewife; she feels that her education is worthless here, causing her to feel unchallenged and bored, which only leads to endless contemplation in the world she has chosen. The largest indicators of Sarah†s unhappiness are the notes that she leaves throughout the house, such as â€Å"Many young wives fell trapped. It is a contemporary sociological phenomenon† and â€Å"Help, Help, Help, Help, Help† (193). In addition to these notes, rarely does Sarah ever talk about her family; which is highly contrary to the expectations of the common housewife. When she does refer to her family, the statements are quite short, uncaring, and undescriptive. â€Å"Today is the birthday of one of the children† (192). Speaking of her family life, never does she mention a husband. Sarah only makes remarks of a questionable nature about her children, she doesn†t seem to display the motherly love or compassion one would expect; in fact, several places in the short story, the comment is made that â€Å"Sarah Boyle is never quite sure how many children she has† (196). This comment leaves the reader confused and, in addition to the numerous derogatory and confusing references made to children throughout the story, causes the reader to think that she doesn†t care for her children at all. Looking at some of the statements she makes, this is quite possible. In one situation she conceives the idea that a cereal may cause cancer, â€Å"Perhaps something is terrible wrong with the cereal†¦ Perhaps it causes a special, cruel Cancer in little children†¦ she imagines in her mind†s eye the headlines†¦ † (192). Irregardless of this idea, she excessively feeds the children the cereal â€Å"great yellow heaps of it† (192) and even goes out to the store to buy more â€Å"shopping in the supermarket†¦ a box of Sugar Frosted Flakes†. These facts combine to produce the result that she does not care if her children get cancer. Also, Sarah feels that â€Å"housework is never completed† (197), resulting in a never-ending task, that eventually drives her insane. All evidence in mind, it becomes clear that she is unhappy as a housewife, causing her to constantly create crazy ideas with her unapplied education, driving herself into an unstable mental state. With no appropriate way to apply the education Sarah has received, she resorts to using it in the only place she has as an option, her home. She starts to devise a parallel between her house and the universe. She falls back on her education and implements the theory of entropy and the â€Å"heat death of the Universe† into her own homemaking skills. According to these theories combined, â€Å"The total ENTROPY of the Universe therefore is increasing, tending towards a maximum, corresponding to complete disorder of the particles in it†¦ he Universe constitutes a thermodynamically closed system, and if this were true it would mean that a time just finally come when the Universe â€Å"unwinds† itself, no energy being available for use† (200). Sarah applies this theory in her housekeeping techniques, thinking that the more organized she is, the less disorder she creates. Therefore, she is not contributing to entropy in her own Universe, her house. Keeping entropy at a constant therefore would not contribute to the â€Å"heat death of the Universe†. Evidently, this abstract thinking is indicating some mental problems. At the end of the short story, Sarah displays a mental breakdown, combining all the unexplainable ideas that float though her mind in a physical and mental explosion. Throughout this short story, Pamela Zoline effectively addresses many relevant issues in today†s society. Through a common housewife, Sarah Boyle, the reader can observe the daily trauma and feeling of worthlessness that one may experience at what it can result in. How to cite The Actual Real World in â€Å"The Heat Death of the Universe†, Papers

Fundamentals of Computer Organization and Architecture

Question: Appraise the current major systems and architecture of the chosen organization. Provide an overview of the enterprise architecture that is suitable for a nontechnical audience. The overview must identify the key areas of the organization that can benefit from the application of an enterprise architecture analysis. Compare and contrast at least 2 architectural models that might be suitable for your selected organization. Answer: Introduction Architecture of the system represents the set of earliest design decision that are most difficult to get right and most critical to change. Architecture is the design artefact that addresses the goals of the system such as the reliability, security, modifiability, usability and real time performance (Abd-El-Barr El-Rewini, 2005). The system describes the structure and serves communication route among the stakeholders such as managers, developers, users, maintainers, marketers, customers, testers and the one who invested in the use and development of the system. The architecture evaluation method is the part of development cycle. Main text Current major systems and architecture of the organization Organisation architecture is a technology and management practice is devoted to improve the performance of the organisation and enabling the organisation to see themselves in term of integrated and holistic view of their business practices, strategic direction, technology resources and information flows (Allen Henn, 2007). The organisation architecture supports the planning and decision making of the management by cording the views of entire organisation. The system develops future and current version to integrate views and managing the transition form of current to the future operating states. The structure is frame worked for the planning, development and analysis of all the resources of the organisation. Enterprise architecture for the nontechnical audience The organisation enterprise defines how the models at different level are related to each other. The description of the model needs to be understandableto the non technical audience. The balance need to be struck to develop the artefacts that can be used to provide the required technical information to the non technical audience (Eeckhout, 2010). The enterprise architecture should allow the audience to communicate with the organisation and providing the sets of documents regarding companys performance, market share and market strategy of the organisation. This would help the organisation and allows the audience to understand the impact of IT investment and decisions. The key areas of the organization that can benefit from the application of an enterprise architecture analysis The success of the organisation architecture is bound to the implementation of the effective governance mechanisms that tends to carry the risk of failure for the architecture projects (Kowalski, 2011). The architecture analysis plays key role in the organisation in the areas of, Leadership Investment Processes Policies and principle Measurement Enabling tools The dimensions of the organisation are leadership and investment are the critical to embed the functions within the corporate system and the four dimension policies and principle; measurement, enabling tool and processes are indispensable to make the work effectively for the organisation. Architecturalmodel for the organisation The architectural model of the organisation concerned with the learning tools/techniques to visualize the information to create trendy information graphics giving information sources and solid conceptual structure (Eeckhout, 2010). Conceptual design Information graphics are from the company and synthesis different pieces of the content from the various sources. The synthesis of the information sources involves the decision to define information architecture model of the information graphic and figuring out the structure including the master plan for the company and hierarchyof information (Kowalski, 2011). Prototype design The design targets to visualize the information that are already synthesized and organised based on information of architectural model organisation rationale, information, structure and hierarchies. The prototype design is most suitable for the organisation as they are perceived as the super signs referred as the visual components (Allen Henn, 2007). The information graphics are organised to compose the visual structure based on the information architectural model. References Abd-El-Barr, M., El-Rewini, H. (2005).Fundamentals of computer organization and architecture. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Allen, T., Henn, G. (2007).The organization and architecture of innovation. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Eeckhout, L. (2010).Computer architecture performance evaluation methods. [San Rafael, Calif.]: Morgan Claypool Publishers. Kowalski, G. (2011).Information retrieval architecture and algorithms. New York: Springer.

The Literature of the Americas II Test Flashcard

The Literature of the Americas II Test

Biography of Tipu Sultan, the Tiger of Mysore

Biography of Tipu Sultan, the Tiger of Mysore Tipu Sultan (November 20, 1750–May 4, 1799) is remembered by many in India and Pakistan as a heroic freedom fighter and warrior-king. He was the last ruler in India strong enough to dictate terms to the British East India Company. Known as the Tiger of Mysore, he fought long and hard, although ultimately unsuccessfully, to preserve his countrys independence. Fast Facts: Tipu Sultan Known For:  He is remembered in India and Pakistan as a warrior-king who fought brilliantly for his countrys independence from Britain.Also Known As:  Fath Ali, Tiger of MysoreBorn:  November 20, 1750 in Mysore, IndiaParents: Hyder Ali and Fatima Fakhr-un-NisaDied:  May 4, 1799 in Seringapatam, Mysore, IndiaEducation: Extensive tutoringSpouse(s): Many wives, including Sindh Sahiba  Children: Unnamed sons, two of whom were held hostage by the BritishNotable Quote: To live like a lion for a day is far better than to live for a hundred years like a jackal. Early Life Tipu Sultan was born on November 20, 1750, to military officer Hyder Ali of the Kingdom of Mysore and his wife, Fatima Fakhr-un-Nisa. They named him Fath Ali but also called him Tipu Sultan after a local Muslim saint, Tipu Mastan Aulia. His father Hyder Ali was an able soldier and won such a complete victory against an invading force of Marathas in 1758 that Mysore was able to absorb the Marathan homelands. As a result, Hyder Ali became the commander-in-chief of Mysores army, later the Sultan, and by 1761 he was the outright ruler of the kingdom. While his father rose to fame and prominence, young Tipu Sultan was receiving an education from the finest tutors available. He studied such subjects as riding, swordsmanship, shooting, Koranic studies, Islamic jurisprudence, and languages such as Urdu, Persian, and Arabic. Tipu Sultan also studied military strategy and tactics under French officers from an early age, since his father was allied with the French in southern India. In 1766 when Tipu Sultan was just 15 years old, he got the chance to apply his military training in battle for the first time when he accompanied his father on an invasion of Malabar. The youngster took charge of a force of 2,000-3,000 and cleverly managed to capture the Malabar chiefs family, which had taken refuge in a fort under heavy guard. Fearful for his family, the chief surrendered, and other local leaders soon followed his example. Hyder Ali was so proud of his son that he gave him command of 500 cavalries and assigned him to rule five districts within Mysore. It was the start of an illustrious military career for the young man. First Anglo-Mysore War During the mid-18th century, the British East India Company sought to expand its control of southern India by playing local kingdoms and principalities off one another and off the French. In 1767, the British formed a coalition with the Nizam and the Marathas, and together they attacked Mysore. Hyder Ali managed to make a separate peace with the Marathas, and then in June he sent his 17-year-old son Tipu Sultan to negotiate with the Nizam. The young diplomat arrived in the Nizam camp with gifts that included cash, jewels, 10 horses, and five trained elephants. In just one week, Tipu charmed the ruler of the Nizam into switching sides and joining the Mysorean fight against the British. Tipu Sultan then led a cavalry raid on Madras (now Chennai) itself, but his father suffered a defeat by the British at Tiruvannamalai and had to call his son back. Hyder Ali decided to take the unusual step of continuing to fight during the monsoon rains, and together with Tipu he captured two British forts. The Mysorean army was besieging a third fort when British reinforcements arrived. Tipu and his cavalry held off the British long enough to allow Hyder Alis troops to retreat in good order. Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan then went on a tear up the coast, capturing forts and British-held cities. The Mysoreans were threatening to dislodge the British from their key east coast port of Madras when the British sued for peace in March 1769. After this humiliating defeat, the British had to sign a 1769 peace agreement with Hyder Ali called the Treaty of Madras. Both sides agreed to return to their pre-war boundaries and to come to each others aid in case of attack by any other power. Under the circumstances, the British East India Company got off easy, but it still would not honor the treaty terms. Interwar Period In 1771, the Marathas attacked Mysore with an army perhaps as large as 30,000 men. Hyder Ali called upon the British to honor their duty of aid under the Treaty of Madras, but the British East India Company refused to send any troops to assist him. Tipu Sultan played a key role as Mysore fought off the Marathas, but the young commander and his father never trusted the British again. Later that decade, Britain and France came to blows over the 1776 rebellion (the American Revolution) in Britains North American colonies; France, of course, supported the rebels. In retaliation, and to draw off French support from America, Britain had decided to push the French entirely out of India. In 1778, it began to capture key French holdings in India such as Pondicherry, on the southeastern coast. The following year, the British grabbed the French-occupied port of Mahe on the Mysorean coast, prompting Hyder Ali to declare war. Second Anglo-Mysore War The Second Anglo-Mysore War (1780–1784), began when Hyder Ali led an army of 90,000 in an attack on the Carnatic, which was allied with Britain. The British governor at Madras decided to send the bulk of his army under Sir Hector Munro against the Mysoreans, and also called for a second British force under Colonel William Baillie to leave Guntur and meet up with the main force. Hyder got word of this and sent Tipu Sultan with 10,000 troops to intercept Baillie. In September 1780, Tipu and his 10,000 cavalry and infantry soldiers surrounded Baillies combined British East India Company and Indian force and inflicted on them the worst defeat the British had suffered in India. Most of the 4,000 Anglo-Indian troops surrendered and were taken prisoner, while 336 were killed. Colonel Munro refused to march to Baillies aid, for fear of losing the heavy guns and other material he had stored. By the time he finally set out, it was too late. Hyder Ali did not realize just how disorganized the British force was. Had he attacked Madras itself at that time, he likely could have taken the British base. However, he only sent Tipu Sultan and some cavalry to harass Munros retreating columns. The Mysoreans did capture all of the British stores and baggage and killed or wounded about 500 troops, but they did not attempt to seize Madras. The Second Anglo-Mysore War settled down into a series of sieges. The next significant event was Tipus February 18, 1782 defeat of East India Company troops under Colonel Braithwaite at Tanjore. Braithwaite was completely surprised by Tipu and his French ally General Lallà ©e and after 26 hours of fighting, the British and their Indian sepoys surrendered. Later, British propaganda said Tipu would have had them all massacred if the French hadnt interceded, but that is almost certainly false- none of the company troops were harmed after they surrendered. Tipu Takes the Throne While the Second Anglo-Mysore War was still raging, the 60-year-old Hyder Ali developed a serious carbuncle. His condition deteriorated throughout the fall and early winter of 1782, and he died on December 7. Tipu Sultan assumed the title of Sultan and took his fathers throne on December 29, 1782. The British hoped that this transition of power would be less than peaceful so that they would have an advantage in the ongoing war. However, Tipus smooth transition and immediate acceptance by the army thwarted them. In addition, British officers had failed to secure enough rice during the harvest, and some of their sepoys were literally starving to death. They were in no condition to launch an attack against the new sultan during the height of the monsoon season. Settlement Terms The Second Anglo-Mysore War went on until early 1784, but Tipu Sultan maintained the upper hand throughout most of that time. Finally, on March 11, 1784, the British East India Company formally capitulated with the signing of the Treaty of Mangalore. Under the terms of the treaty, the two sides once again returned to the status quo in terms of territory. Tipu Sultan agreed to release all of the British and Indian prisoners of war he had captured. Tipu Sultan the Ruler Despite two victories over the British, Tipu Sultan realized that the British East India Company remained a serious threat to his independent kingdom. He funded continuous military advances, including further development of the famous Mysore rockets- iron tubes that could fire missiles up to two kilometers, terrifying British troops and their allies. Tipu also built roads, created a new form of coinage, and encouraged silk production for international trade. He was particularly fascinated and delighted with new technologies and had always been an avid student of science and mathematics. A devout Muslim, Tipu was tolerant of his majority-Hindu subjects faith. Framed as a warrior-king and dubbed the Tiger of Mysore, Tipu Sultan proved an able ruler in times of relative peace as well. Third Anglo-Mysore War Tipu Sultan had to face the British for a third time between 1789 and 1792. This time, Mysore would receive no aid from its usual ally France, which was in the throes of the French Revolution. The British were led on this occasion by Lord Cornwallis, one of the major British commanders during the American Revolution. Unfortunately for Tipu Sultan and his people, the British had more attention and resources to invest in southern India this time around. Although the war lasted for several years, unlike past engagements, the British gained more ground than they gave. At the end of the war, after the British besieged Tipus capital city of Seringapatam, the Mysorean leader had to capitulate. In the 1793 Treaty of Seringapatam, the British and their allies, the Maratha Empire, took half of the territory of Mysore. The British also demanded that Tipu turn over two of his sons, ages 7 and 11, as hostages to ensure that the Mysorean ruler would pay war indemnities. Cornwallis held the boys captive to ensure that their father would comply with the treaty terms. Tipu quickly paid the ransom and recovered his children. Nonetheless, it was a shocking reversal for the Tiger of Mysore. Fourth Anglo-Mysore War In 1798, a French general named Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Egypt. Unbeknownst to his superiors in the Revolutionary government in Paris, Bonaparte planned to use Egypt as a stepping-stone from which to invade India by land (through the Middle East, Persia, and Afghanistan), and wrest it from the British. With that in mind, the man who would be emperor sought an alliance with Tipu Sultan, Britains staunchest foe in southern India. This alliance was not to be, however, for several reasons. Napoleons invasion of Egypt was a military disaster. Sadly, his would-be ally, Tipu Sultan, also suffered a terrible defeat. By 1798, the British had had sufficient time to recover from the Third Anglo-Mysore War. They also had a new commander of British forces at Madras, Richard Wellesley, Earl of Mornington, who was committed to a policy of aggression and aggrandizement. Although the British had taken half of his country and a large sum of money, Tipu Sultan meanwhile had rebuilt significantly and Mysore was once more a prosperous place. The British East India Company knew that Mysore was the only thing standing between it and total domination of India. A British-led coalition of nearly 50,000 troops marched toward Tipu Sultans capital city of Seringapatam in February 1799. This was no typical colonial army of a handful of European officers and a rabble of ill-trained local recruits; this army was made up of the best and brightest from all of the British East India Companys client states. Its single goal was the destruction of Mysore. Although the British sought to enclose Mysore state in a giant pincher movement, Tipu Sultan was able to sally out and stage a surprise attack early in March that nearly destroyed one of the British contingents before reinforcements showed up. Throughout the spring, the British pressed closer and closer to the Mysorean capital. Tipu wrote to the British commander Wellesley, trying to arrange for a peace  agreement, but Wellesley deliberately offered completely unacceptable terms. His mission was to destroy Tipu Sultan, not to negotiate with him. Death At the beginning of May 1799, the British and their allies surrounded Seringapatam, the capital of Mysore. Tipu Sultan had just 30,000 defenders matched against 50,000 attackers. On May 4, the British broke through the city walls. Tipu Sultan rushed to the breach and was killed defending his city. After the battle, his body was discovered beneath a pile of defenders. Seringapatam was overrun. Legacy With Tipu Sultans death, Mysore became another princely state under the jurisdiction of the British Raj. His sons were sent into exile, and a different family became puppet rulers of Mysore under the British. In fact, Tipu Sultans family was reduced to poverty as a deliberate policy and was only restored to princely status in 2009. Tipu Sultan fought long and hard, although ultimately unsuccessfully, to preserve his countrys independence. Today, Tipu is remembered by many in India and Pakistan as a brilliant freedom fighter and as an able peacetime ruler. Sources Britains Greatest Foes: Tipu Sultan. National Army Museum, Feb. 2013.Carter, Mia Barbara Harlow. Archives of Empire: Volume I. From the East India Company to the Suez Canal. Duke University Press, 2003.The First Anglo-Mysore War (1767-1769), GKBasic, July 15, 2012.Hasan, Mohibbul. History of Tipu Sultan. Aakar Books, 2005.

Analysis of Financial Service Industry Literature review

Analysis of Financial Service Industry - Literature review Example Besides having a stronghold in the financial service industry, Citi Corp mirrors the vision and goals of Intersect Investments. Benchmarking is the process of observation and validation of procedures and practices that the most successful companies employ. It is a process of studying and following time tested practices from well-performing organizations to improve your own performance. In other words, it is the borrowing of standards for success. This involves determining where you need to improve, finding an organization that is exceptional in this area, then studying the company and applying its best practices in your firm. Benchmarking systematically studies the absolute best firms, and uses their best practices as the standard of comparison; a standard to meet or even surpass. Through a comprehensive assessment of strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities of Intersect Investments, the management has realized that a lot of critical areas have to be reviewed if the firm is to achieve its goals and objectives. Issues range from redefining the organizational vision to devising a proper career incentive system for its employees. Sharing a similar organizational mandate, Citi Corp has fared a lot better in the industry particularly with regard to these critical areas. Citi Corp has long stood with its principle of customer intimacy and procedural simplifications. These principles have given it an edge over its competitors and made it one of the leaders in the industry for a long time. Given the nature of the products, services, and customer orientation involved, any business in the financial service industry cannot afford to ignore these basic values. Intersect Investments should do a proper visioning exercise and tune it properly to that of the Citi Corp. All the while, customer friendly services, and humanistic approach should be the cornerstone of the exercise. Employee turnover is increasing and the cost of employee turnover is expensive. Therefore, employee retention is critical. Numerous studies suggest that the majority of the workforce is considering leaving their current job for another as the economy improves. Based on this realization, Citi Corp strongly advocates employee retention and value system. Employee retention matters. A continual effort to replace departing workers-to keep the revolving door full, instead of stopping it altogether-is bleeding organizations dry. It is expensive to constantly replace people that turnover. The cost of attracting, recruiting, hiring, training, and getting new people up to speed is tremendously more costly as well as more wasteful than most realize. Second, productivity and profitability are directly tied to employee retention.  

Pizza Store Simulation Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pizza Store Simulation Paper - Essay Example It will immediately relieve procedural congestion as well as improve operational performance to augment daily profits. We propose certain changes in operations to assist us in increasing our profit margin. In the old layout, there were 14 tables that could seat 4 people each. In the new process, there will be 10. Furthermore, the old process had no two-seat tables, but the new process has 8 two seat tables. As with the old process, the new process will have 4 people on wait staff, but for the new process we will increase kitchen staff from 2 in the old process to 3 in the new. These changes are aimed at increasing our profit margin. Graphical analysis of our data will help us determine whether our theory about process efficiency was not correct. It seems part of our theory was correct and part was not. As predicted, the new process immediately out-performed the old process. The data shows the new processes netted about $378 more per day than the old process on average. However, the staff learning curve does not seem to affect the data at all. Visual analysis of trends in the data does not seem to reveal a significant curve function. It appears only linear. A graphical representation of the data is presented below. We considered an alternative process configuration for the operation of Mario’s Pizzeria. Our primary metric was our daily profit margin. Our aim was to reconfigure the factors in our process to maximize our profit potential. We designed a new operational configuration to test against the old system. The data shows the new processes netted about $378 more per day on average than the old process. Visual analysis of trends in the data does not seem to reveal a significant curve function. It would be an impractical use of man hours to apply advanced statistical techniques because the new configuration achieves our marginal

Burberry The Well Known Luxurious Brand Marketing Essay

Burberry The Well Known Luxurious Brand Marketing Essay Burberry, the well-known luxurious brand, comes from England. It has existed since 1856, and was originally made by Thomas Burberry, of London. Currently, Burberry is an international brand and their multiple shops are located all over the world. The main office of the company is in London. Burberry was famous for the exquisite coats of its original time; however, nowadays Burberry sells coats, accessories, perfume, glasses (Burberry, 2010) Burberrys logo (HaiBao, 2010) 1.1.2 Prada Next, Prada is also a luxurious brand from Italy since 1913. Additionally, it started with the high-class leather by Mario Prada. The products of Prada are concerned modern style and trends. Not only the quality of Prada, but also the performance of modernistic art. Prada has been famous, over 100 years due to its handbags. (Prada, 2010) PRADA logo (2010, soutuzi) 1.2 Theory 1.2.1 Market segmentation According to Hall et al (2008), market segmentation is how a Business divides the features-such as geographically, demographically and behaviorally into sub-groups and how it attracts different types of consumers. 1.2.2 Marketing mix Hall et al (2008) reports that market mix also called four ps-products, price, place and promotion. It is the factors of the market that related to the firms strategy. 1.3Aims The goal of this report is to analyze the market segments as well as the market mix of Burberry and Prada. After that, Burberry is more affordable than Prada. Finally, it includes the recommendation. 2. Findings Discussion 2.1 Segmentation First, Burberry is divided into three sections; there are Burberry London, Burberry Bailey and Thomas Burberry. Since 1997, the new director came to Burberry. Therefore, it also had changed the style of Burberry, which provides the products to the elders, soldiers and the royal members; and it faces the wider customs from all over the world (Burberry, 2010). It could say the demographically of Burberry is all of the youth and the elders. Additionally, according to the Haibao, Burberry established the series called Thomas Burberry. It is suitable for the younger; however, as compare to the Burberry London or Burberry Bailey, T.B is more popular with consumers, because of the lower price and the younger styles. Another strategy of Burberry is geographical region. As for the market shares, Burberry is devoted in the Asian area and the United States. Burberry (Burberry, 2010) announced Sales all over the world is increased by 25% totally, and China takes up 15%, although the main area is still in the Europe. For instance, in 2009, Burberry set a multiple shop in Beijing. Actually, Burberry only chooses the place that has the most shoppers, especially the wealthy. Therefore, the majority of geographical regions are the large cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai in China. It is to say that the different areas citizens have different lifestyle and atheistic standards. Regions (2010) Following the findings above, everybody can know about the segmentation of Burberry. For example, Burberry targets young women, men and children. The measure of this segment is age and gender. As comparison, Pradas marketing segmentations is geographical, demographical and psychological. It is reported by Haibao that the majority of handbags are for mature women and the suits for successful men (2010). The age of consumers is apt to be older. Amount of consumer is high-class. Prada insists in Less is more (Prada, 2010). The fashion company aims at the youth, which can get high salary. Prada is a familistic brand all the time. Miuccia Prada and her husband, Patrizio Bertelli considered that they would do the vendition in Hong Kong firstly. According to Tammy (2010), one of the managers in Prada stated the company would choose Milan, London and New York in time. In China, Prada (Prada, 2010) located in Tianjin, Beijing, Shanghai, Xian, Dalian, Shenzhen and Guangzhou. 2.2 Marketing Mix 2.2.1 Products Burberry produces the products, which includes coats, women, men, womens accessories, bags, shoes, scarves, gifts, beauty, children and perfume. Burberrys new managerManley (Manley, 2010) announced that Manley previously looked after all communications aspects across traditional and new channel such as new stars and Internet service (Manley, 2010).In current, Haibao reports that Burberry shows that the series of Winter Storms and the majority of consumer are lovers. Additionally, accessorization, such as scarves, handbags and umbrella also belong to this theme. Winter Storms (2010) Originally, its market served Italy. Nevertheless, Mario Prada changed the materials into the special one nylon, to made bags. Nowadays, Prada includes clothing, underwear, accessories, handbags and oxides items (Prada, 2010). In 2010, Prada (Prada, 2010) forecasts the little gifts for Christmas Day. Accessories of Prada, for Christmas (Haibao, 2010) 2.2.2 Price Burberry sets a high level for the price of its product, Especially Burberry London (Burberry, 2010). However, Thomas Burberry sets a lower price for the mid-class youths. It seems that the price is divided by different level, such as Thomas Burberry is affordable for Burberry London. Certainly, two parts of Burberry-Burberry London and Burberry Baily is sold at a high price, it is to say that Thomas Burberry is approached to consumers. In a word, high-class of the society could be offered these expensive products (Burberry, 2010). Thus, it is obvious that China is a large market for Burberry. Burberry-bags-wallets-and-purses (2010) Pradas prices are similar to Burberry. Skimming is the first position of its strategies. Price of Prada (2010) raffaello-network 2.2.3 Promotion It is essential that a business promotes to attract customers. According to Burberry (2010), Burberry Foundation could give opportunities to make teenagers dreams come true. Therefore, the reputation of Burberry is great. Hence, there is great public relation that Burberry has done. Christopher Bailey, who is the highest manager of Burberry (Luxurious, 2009), with famous Chinese actor-ZhangMan yu, which celebrated the new store built in Beijing. Both of the companies use super stars or super model to display their products to attract consumers. Prada (Prada, 2010) predicts the advertising in 2011 will invite Mariacarla Boscono, Arizona Muse, Kinga Razjak, Zuzanna Bijoch, and Tati Cotliar show the new fashion. Prada in 2011 2.2.4 Place All of the channels of selling in Burberry is increased. Especially, the agency in China goes up and makes considerable profits for Burberry. Revenue by channel of distribution (2010) Amy and Pink (2006) reported the Internet has really changed the way that Prada sells. Wholesale of Pradas handbags are commonplace on the Internet, It is can make consumers buy very first Prada handbags. While Prada will never be considered cheap, the Wholesale Prada handbags offered on the Internet are generally a lot more affordable than the retail stores (Amy Pink, 2006). 2.3 Comparison Turning the topic into the comparison of Burberry and Prada, the traditional marketing mix is about 4ps, which are products, price, place and promotion. Certainly, it includes the unique selling point. First, the unique selling point of Burberry is their coats. However, Prada is famous for their handbags. Products, that Burberry has Perfume, clothing, underwear, accessories, perfume and glasses. Prada has no underwear all the time and Prada notice the familism but Burberry does not. Next, the place seldom has differences between two companies, because both of them are luxurious brand, the companies choose the developed cities to set their multiple shops. Nevertheless, Prada has greater chains of store in China. Therefore, Burberrys marketing share looks like more than Prada. Finally, the place for these two brands is obvious that Prada has more stores in China than Burberry. Moreover, Burberrys place is much better than Prada, because of multi-channel. For promotion, Burberry chooses Zhangmanyu to celebrate the new store and to find some famous, young, modules to represent the products. However, Prada just rely on the Weekly Milan to display their new product, although, Prada choose represents like John Varvators to show the products. After that, due to the luxury, Burberry is royal brand in the United Kingdom, so the price is high. However, there is Thomas Burberry has lower price. All the Pradas series are setting high price (Prada Burberry, 2010). 3. Recommendation In summary, the advantages of Burberry and Prada are the skimming strategy, because it can make more profits. Both of them are known that producing attractions to allure customers, the promotion of Burberry is more attractive than Prada because Burberry likes selecting famous stars to represent the products. However, the disadvantage of these two companies is the price is too high although the cost is high as well. Nevertheless, the marketing share cannot be high. Especially, Prada has no series that sets lower price for citizens, Burberry has Thomas Burberry to connect more consumers at least. Moreover, their multiple shops are located in the big cities, but medium-class cities cannot buy their products from local stores. The suggestion for Burberry is the selling place can be wide, particularly the cheaper Thomas Burberry.(Burberry,2010) As for Prada, the promotion is not enough, though, the words of mouth is popular. Moreover, all of the products and price of Prada is similar. It is hide that ignores medium consumer, so try to divide into more series for consumers could be improved. 4. Conclusion There are all the recent surveys for the Marketing Segmentations and Marketing Mix of Burberry and Prada, the pricy products, widely promotion and prosperous places could make these two companies develop preferable.

Asian-Americans and their Progress towards Essay

During the many years of the continuous immigration of various nationalities in the United States, it could be noted that many immigrants have already absorbed the culture that Americans have. One of the many ethnicities which had migrated in the United States is the Asians. In the current society of the United States it is known that these groups of people are one of the many ethnic minorities that is housed by the United States. In fact, many of the families of the past migrants have now stayed in the United States had had lived their lives similar to full blooded Americans. However, although most of these immigrants have already acquired all the culture, the language and life style of the Americans it is still not enough for the society that they would be called Americans. On the other hand, the Asian-Americans like other ethnic minorities in the United States are somewhat confused to on the proper identity that they must maintain. One of the main examples of the uncertainty is the Asian-American popular culture which presents evidences regarding such group in the society. In the current popular culture, it is noticeable the many of Asian-Americans had been inclined with certain identity which could be very noticeable in the choices of their consuming behavior. In addition, personal choices such of the music, clothing style and etc. In the written work of Min Zhou and Jennifer Lee (2004), they have clearly stated that the Asian-American youth is directly seen by the American culture as not fitting to the popular images which are most associated with the current popular culture. Such popular cultures that are being discussed were being rap artists, skin heads, punks and the likes. For the longest time, Asian-Americans are seen as stereotypically geek who only focuses directly on their studies instead of being socially active. (Zhou & Lee, p. 1, 2004). Many of the Asian-Americans are obviously shying away from these concepts of being geeks and nerds. Instead, they follow the popular culture and act similarly to the demands of the American society. First and foremost, we could see that many of the Asian-American youth are more inclined to look like a gangster rather than a typical Asian-American. In many television shows and advertisements, there are numerous Asians who steps away from the light that they are individuals who are very serious in being successful that they study very well. Due to the very advanced technological innovations that we have such that of YouTube people could truly see that Asian-Americans are truly absorbing and creating new a type of culture when it comes to music. One of the best examples is David Choi who is known to be a Korean-American. Choi is singer, songwriter and guitarist on his own channel in YouTube. As noticed, Choi is very far from the typical stereotype of Asian who shies away from the crowd. After attaining success and massive support from different individuals he was able to have his own album. Instead of being the stereotypical Asian-American, he proclaims and continuously re-invents his music to suit his fans and the current trend in the society. In the film industry there had been few individuals who are known to be popular in the United States due to the certain film which they have done. One of the most famous Asian-American is Lucy Lui who played one of the Charlie’s Angels. In the movies, it is not often that an Asian-American plays a â€Å"kick-ass† role and presents her self as a strong assertive woman. In the stereotypical eyes of most Americans, Asian-Americans are simple and mostly quiet and demure because this is how they are culturally trained. However, due to such character played by Lui, the concept of how and what a woman should be (through an Asian context) is changed. With such, the Americanization of the Asian woman is clearly seen through the portrayal made by Lui. (â€Å"Is Lucy Liu a Heroine or a Curse? †) In terms of music, an article was written regarding the sudden boom of the Asian-American artists in the music industry. In the article, the author stated that various American-Asian artists are suddenly emerging into the music scene within in various localities in the United States. Most of the tunes that these musicians and artists play are mostly western music when do hip-hop and R&B, as well as a DJ in various clubs. Such artists were Yellow Peril, Seoul Brothers, Mountain Brothers, and a lot more. These artists are said to have gained significant success and a symbolic presence of the developments of the Asian-Americans (Wang, 1998). Therefore, Asian-Americans were already able to join the band wagon of having the same musical preference as the Americans. In addition, they are not only listening to type of music Americans hear but also imitating or innovating towards a new genre of music. In the most current popular culture many Asians are excelling in the freestyle dancing, break dancing and etc. (Tseng, 1998) From the lessons that we have taken, it is known that through consumption and consumerism that the factors of living is defined. From my own personal point of view, I do believe that consumption is a cultural issue that must be deeply studied due to the various concepts attached such as social class, cultural norms and etc. Cultural consumption is also affected by advertising as well as the culture of being brand conscious rather than quality conscious. I have stated this due to my personal experiences as a consumer. As I have observed in the super markets most of the time people spend so much time in thinking on what type of brand they would buy. Just last week I needed to do my grocery when I saw a Filipino woman and her son in the cereals and oats lane. She meticulously surfs for the proper brand of cereals while her son stated that â€Å"Mom, why are we staying too long in this section? We don’t really eat cereals for breakfast. I want rice. † Then the mother replied, â€Å"No darling, rice is too heavy for you, studies say that it could cause diabetes. And your playmates eat cereals every morning so you should also eat cereal. † Being in a class that studies such concept of culture, I was amazed on how real the concept of Americanization is. I do know that most Filipinos prefer rice for breakfast because it is a custom meal for them everyday. But through my first hand experience, I did see that people who are not Americans are in need to attain cultural citizenship in order for them to be accepted. Although I do believe that Asians are accepted in the American society, the acceptance is not as whole in comparison to being a white American. In a sense, the mother who was with her child in the grocery would want her son to be culturally American that she is shifting the norms which her son know in order for him to be suitable in the American society. Just like the story presented in â€Å"Consumption Fantasies of Upward Mobility,† Richard wanted to move away from the typical concepts of Asians. Therefore, Richard wanted to be a professional who is likely to be the choice of a typical American who works inside the office. In addition, there is a concept of attaining the â€Å"American Dream in which most important thing for Asian-Americans. Moreover, due to the desire to attain such, they also want to be treated like Americans. As a result, they act and absorb the American culture and norms which they believe will grant them cultural citizenship (Hee Park, p. 112, 2005). In conclusion, the current Asian-American culture is still in the process of attaining acceptance in the American society. In addition, they want to change the stereotypical concept that most of them are geeks and losers thus, the Asian-American community is shifting towards a much western culture. The community is not only doing such in order to be within the trend of the popular culture but also to be accepted and not discriminated by others. In terms of consumption, it is real that it is one of the factors which could justify the Americanization of an individual not only Asian-Americans. Through decision making and choosing what type of product must be used is obviously dictated by the society around them. In addition, professional choice is also an aspect the shows that Asians are Americanized or desires cultural citizenship. Like one of the most famous saying stated: â€Å"If you can’t beat them, join them. † Reference Is Lucy Liu a Heroine or a Curse?. GoldSea . Retrieved 9 December 2008 from http://www. goldsea. com/Air/Issues/Liu/liu. html. Lee, J. and Zhou, M. (2004). Asian American Youth.United States of America: Routledge Publishing. Sun-Hee Park, L. (2005). Consuming Citizenship. United States of America: Stanford University Press. Tseng, J. (1998). Asian American Rap: Expression Through Alternate Forms. Model Minority. Retrieved 9 December 2008 from http://www. modelminority. com/article128. html. Wang, O. (1998). Asian Americans and hip-hop. Asian Week. Retrieved 9 December 2008 from http://asianweek. com/111298/coverstory. html. David Choi : http://www. youtube. com/user/davidchoimusic? ob=4

Crosby Manufacturing Corporation Case Study

AbstractNext to first-hand experience, case studies are one of the best ways to learn project management skills. In The Crosby Manufacturing Corporation case study, Harold Kerzner reports on the executive-level exchange between the company president and other department heads regarding a new Management Cost and Control System (Kerzner, 2009). This paper will give a synopsis of the case, analyze the case study communications issues and risks, and evaluate Livingston’s selection of a project manager. It will also discuss the possible reactions from the employees, the impact on the cost and time on the project as well as which constraints ultimately compromised the success of project.Crosby Manufacturing Corporation Synopsis of the CaseThe Crosby Manufacturing Corporation case study details a discussion between the organization’s executive officers over their plans to implement a new Management Cost and Control System (MCCS) (Kerzner, 2009). The president, Wilfred Livingst on, has successfully reorganized the company into a more efficient matrix organization over the previous three years and seeks to implement the new MCCS so the company can compete on new government contracts. Crosby’s existing MCCS falls short of government reporting and auditing requirements. At the beginning of the meeting, Livingston lays out the case for the new MCCS.The Management Information System (MIS) manager initially responds with a plan to perform a feasibility study with a detailed requirements analysis. The Engineering manager responds with a schedule and proposed vendor evaluation metrics. He suggested starting software development immediately. Livingston closes the discussion by assigning a project manager from another group and, after committing his support to the project, lays out a list of project planning items he wants to see the following week (Kerzner, 2009). Due to miscommunication,  Livingston’s plans cause potential risk to the projectâ€⠄¢s success.Evaluation of Livingston’s Choice of a Project ManagerThe President of the corporation had the right to decide on a project manager by employing an individual that would off the necessary services needed by the government agency to complete the job. Mr. Livingston gave the management staff an opportunity to come up with the proper approach but they were unable to. In line with the project objectives, they will fail to come up with the right milestones, detailed schedules, and design review meetings and feedback necessary from the management staff. As the leader of an organization, you have to be able to choose individuals as leaders that will be able to perform the task efficiently and effectively with the corporation’s best interest in mind. Was his choice a mistake?Yes, I think that this was a major mistake in appointing Mr. Emary as the project manager because he had little experience in such a major task and something that the company was depending on h eavily. Though Mr. Emary was an outstanding planner and got the job done, this was not one of those times when you need someone with little experience leading such a major project and to make the statement that Mr. Emary had less knowledgeable then other on the project did not do much to console the employees of his competence on completing the task.Reaction of the Functional EmployeesThe reactions from the functional employees in response to the appointment of Emary as the project manager had to be shocking. They probably had my questions and concerns about the potential success of the project and its completion under the supervision of Emary. Even if Mr. Livingston had confidence in his abilities, that said nothing about his ability to lay out the necessary and detailed schedule needed for the project completion or even know what resources were needed to be successful.Impact of Cost and Time RestraintsThe three constraints of project management will almost always be competing with each other. If a team decides to enlarge the scope of a project, the time will become larger as well, along with the cost. If the time  constraint is tighter, the scope may be reduced, but the costs will remain high. If the team should decide to tighten the budget, the scope will become smaller but the time will increase. To become skilled in project management, the project manager and their team must be capable of dealing with these constraints in a way that will allow them to successfully complete any project that they plan. This will have an impact on the kind networking techniques used and project schedules. Changes in projected costs to actual costs will in most instances stretch the length of time it takes to complete projects and at the same time determine the kinds of techniques to be employed.Constraints that could Compromise Project SuccessAlthough there are many project constraints, these should not be barriers for successful project execution and for the effective dec ision-making. The main three interdependent constraints for every project are time, cost, and scope. Quality is not a part of the project management triangle, but it is the ultimate objective of every delivery. Hence, the project management triangle represents implies quality. Many project managers are under the notion that ‘high quality comes with high cost', which to some extent is true. By using low quality resources to accomplish project deadlines does not ensure success of the overall project.So like with the scope, quality will also be an important deliverable for the project. The important aspect is to deal with it. The project manager needs to strike a balance between the three constraints so that quality of the project will not be compromised. To overcome the constraints, the project managers have several methods to keep the project going. Some of these will be based on preventing stakeholders from changing the scope and maintaining limits on both financial and human resources. A project manager's role is evolved around responsibility. A project manager needs to supervise and control the project from the beginning to the closure. Understanding that it is always a requirement to overcome the challenges related to the project and if you do so, those constraints will not ultimately compromise its success.

What Is a Cohort Effect Definition and Examples

A cohort effect is a research result that occurs because of the characteristics of the cohort being studied. A cohort is any group that shares common historical or social experiences, like their year of birth. Cohort effects are a concern for researchers in fields such as sociology, epidemiology, and psychology. Key Takeaways: Cohort Effect A cohort is a group of people who share common characteristics or experiences, like their year of birth, the region where they were born, or the term they started college.A cohort effect occurs when a research result is impacted by the characteristics of the cohort(s) being studied.Cohort effects can compromise the results of research that uses cross-sectional methods, which compare two or more groups at a single point in time.The only way to guard against cohort effects when investigating the way people change over time is to perform a longitudinal study. In longitudinal studies, researchers collect data from a single set of participants over time. Cohort Definition A cohort is a group of people who share a particular characteristic. Typically, the shared characteristic is a life event that took place in a particular time period, like birth or high school graduation. The most commonly studied cohorts are age-related (e.g. individuals who share a birth year or generational designation). Additional examples of cohorts include: People who started college the same yearPeople who grew up in the same region during a specific time periodPeople who were exposed to the same natural disaster A cohort is any group that shares common historical or social experiences, like their year of birth. Cohort Effect Definition The impact of the characteristics of a cohort on the results of a research study is called a cohort effect. While the factors that make a group of people a cohort may seem broad and therefore have little to do with each individual member of the group, the characteristics the group have in common may influence findings in a research context. This is because different cohorts’ characteristics vary over time due to their shared experiences, even if those experiences were very general.   Psychological studies tend to focus on birth or generational cohorts. Such cohorts share common life experiences and experience similar social trends. For example, the historical events, arts and popular culture, political realities, economic conditions, and moral climate experienced by Millennials growing up were much different than those experienced by Baby Boomers. In other words, generational  and birth cohorts develop in different sociocultural contexts, which can have an influence on the outcomes of research. Say a researcher wanted to see how easily people learned how to play a new mobile game featuring artificial intelligence. She decided to conduct a research study and recruited participants that ranged in age from 20 to 80 years old. Her findings showed that while the younger participants had an easy time learning how to play the game, the older participants had much more difficulty. The researcher could conclude that older people are less capable of learning to play the game than younger people. However, the research findings could also be the result of cohort effects in that older participants would have far less exposure to mobile devices than younger participants, potentially making  it more difficult for them to learn how to play the new game. Thus, cohort effects are important to take into account in research. Cross-Sectional vs. Longitudinal Research Cohort effects are a particular issue in studies that employ cross-sectional methods. In cross-sectional studies, researchers collect and compare data from participants in two or more age-related cohorts at a single point in time. For example, a researcher might collect information on attitudes towards gender equality in the workplace from people in their 20s, 40s, 60s, and 80s. The researcher might find that those in the 20-year-old group are more open to gender equality at work than those in the 80-year-old group. The researcher could conclude that as one ages they become less open to gender equality, but the results could also be the consequence of a cohort effect—the 80-year-old group had very different historical experiences than the 20-year-old group and, as a result, values gender equality differently. In cross-sectional studies of birth or generational cohorts it is difficult to discern whether a finding is the result of the aging process or if it is due to the differences between the various cohorts studied. The only way to guard against cohort effects when investigating the way people change over time is to perform a longitudinal study. In longitudinal studies, researchers collect data from a single set of participants over time. So, a researcher might collect information on attitudes towards gender equality in the workplace in 2019 from a group of 20 year olds, and then ask the participants the same questions when they are 40 (in 2039) and again when they are 60 (in 2059). The advantage of the longitudinal method is that by studying a group of people across time, change can be observed directly, ensuring there is no concern that cohort effects will compromise the research outcomes. On the other hand, longitudinal studies are expensive and time consuming, so researchers are more likely to use cross-sectional methods. With a cross-sectional design, comparisons among different age groups can be made quickly and efficiently, however, it is always possible that cohort effects have influenced a cross-sectional study’s findings. Examples of the Cohort Effect Psychological researchers have utilized cross-sectional and longitudinal studies to measure changes in personality traits over time. For example, a cross-sectional study of a group of participants ranging in age from 16 to 91 found that older adults were more agreeable and conscientious than younger adults. In explaining the limitations of their study, however, the researchers wrote that they couldn’t be certain if their findings were due to the effects of development over the lifespan or the result of cohort effects.   In fact, there is research that indicates cohort effects play a role in personality differences. For example, a study published in the journal Personality and Individual Differences, the researcher utilized past research measuring extraversion in American college students to compare levels of this trait in birth cohorts from 1966 to 1993. The results showed a large increase in extraversion over time, showing the effect that birth cohort can have on personality. Sources Allemand, Matthias, Daniel Zimprich, and A. A. Jolijn Hendricks. â€Å"Age Differences in Five Personality Domains Across the Life Span.† Developmental Psychology, vol, 44, no. 3, 2008, pp. 758-770. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.44.3.758Cozby, Paul C. Methods in Behavioral Research. 10th ed., McGraw-Hill. 2009.â€Å"Cohort Effect.† ScienceDirect, 2016, https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/cohort-effectMcAdams, Dan. The Person: An Introduction to the Science of Personality Psychology. 5th ed., Wiley, 2008.Twenge, Jean M. â€Å"Birth Cohort Changes in Extraversion: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis, 1966-1993.† Personality and Individual Differences, vol. 30, no. 5, 2001, 735-748. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00066-0